Encyclopedia of Rape

Geoffrey Franklin Miller

At once a pioneering study of evolution and an accessible and lively read, The Mating Mind offers the most convincing—and radical—explanation to date for how and why the human mind evolved. Traditionally, evolutionary theory has explained intelligence as merely a by-product of surplus brain size. But psychologist Geoffrey Miller argues that it actively evolved, like the peacock's tail, for courtship and mating, and thereby shaped human nature.Certain traits are attractive because they indicate the overall fitness of a potential mate. Miller maintains that both human sexes have evolved many significant ways of displaying fitness via expressions of creative intelligence such as storytelling, poetry, art, music, sports, dance, humor, kindness, and leadership. In support of this provocative thesis, he has gathered evidence from psychology, economics, history, pop culture, and Darwin's theory of sexual selection to present an utterly original synthesis of research. Leer más…

Welch, David;cull, Nicholas John;culbert, David Holbrook

A truly international, authoritative AZ guide to five centuries of propaganda, in both wartime and peacetime, which covers key moments, techniques, concepts, and some of the most influential propagandists in history. This fascinating survey provides a comprehensive introduction to propaganda, its changing nature, its practitioners, and its impact on the past five centuries of world history. Written by leading experts, it covers the masters of the art from Joseph Goebbels to Mohandas Gandhi and examines enormously influential works of persuasion such as Uncle Tom's Cabin , techniques such as films and posters, and key concepts like black propaganda and brainwashing. Case studies reveal the role of mass persuasion during the Reformation, and wars throughout history. Regional studies cover propaganda superpowers, such as Russia, China, and the United States, as well as little-known propaganda campaigns in Southeast Asia, Ireland, and Scandinavia. The book traces the evolution of propaganda from the era of printed handbills to computer fakery, and profiles such brilliant practitioners of the art as Third Reich film director Leni Riefenstahl and 19th-century cartoonist Thomas Nast, whose works helped to bring the notorious Boss Tweed to justice. Leer más…

Thomas Benjamin, Editor In Chief

Колониальные империи Португалии, Испании, Франции, Великобритании, Нидерландов, Бельгии, Германии, Италии и Соединенных Штатов - охватывали в то или иное время обе Америки и Австралию, девяносто девять процентов Полинезии, девяносто процентов Африки и почти пятьдесят процентов Азии. Эти западные страны, которые вместе составляли менее двух процентов от поверхности планеты, создали первые заморские империи, которые простирались по всему земному шару. Европейские колонисты, попадавшие в любую пригодную для жилья область, внедряли и распространяли христианство повсюду во всём колониальном мире. Они экспортировали языки, законы, учреждения, технологии и ценности Запада почти всем странам, народам, и культурам во всем мире. Этот политический, экономический, и культурный экспансионизм изменял неевропейские общества и культуры, с которыми входил в контакт. Легко представить, что исследование истории и природы западного колониализма - предмет достаточно противоречивый и дискуссионный. "Энциклопедия западного колониализма с 1450 г." - наиболее полная и всесторонняя, работа о западном колониализме, начиная с португальских плаваний Генриха Мореплавателя в пятнадцатом столетии и до создания художественных фильмов о британском колониализме в Индии в двадцать первом веке. "Энциклопедия" представляет более четырёхсот статей в трех томах, и это не только научная работа, охватывающая мировую историю в течение прошлых пяти столетий, но также международный интеллектуальный проект. ... Leer más…

Ronald M., Ph.d. Doctor, Ada P. Kahn, Christine A. Adamec

An estimated 19.2 million adults in the United States have experienced some form of phobia, ranging from the common fear of large dogs to the unusual fear of gravity, fear of developing a fever, or fear of strange people. Anxiety disorders are the most common form of mental illness in the U.S., afflicting approximately 13.3 percent of all adults. Although phobias and anxiety disorders can be devastating, there are many effective treatments and therapies that can lead to successful outcomes."The Encyclopedia of Phobias, Fears, and Anxieties, Third Edition" covers all aspects of these mental disorders, from the mildest to the severest. More than 2,000 up-to-date entries explain all aspects of this topic, from defining anxieties, fears, and phobias to specific types of phobias, and from causes and symptoms to treatments. An introduction provides a historical overview of the subject, and an appendix includes a helpful directory of resources.Entries include: Affective disorders; Basic anxiety; Childhood anxieties, fears, and phobias; Encounter group therapy; General adaptation syndrome; Implosion/implosive therapy; Light therapy; Multimodal behavior therapy; Panic, panic attacks, and panic disorder; Traumaand more Leer más…

Carol Turkington And Deborah Mitchell

A collection of resources for understanding and coping with the complexities of modern health and social concerns. It provides an objective overview of the essential facts and wider social ramifications that have been established by experts about the afflictions covered. Leer más…

E. Bruce Goldstein; Sage Publications; Sage Ereference (Online Service)

The field of perception is devoted to explaining the operation of the senses and the experiences and behaviors resulting from stimulation of the senses. Perceptual processes such as recognizing faces, seeing color, hearing music, and feeling pain represent the actions of complex mechanisms, yet we usually do them easily. The **Encyclopedia of Perception presents a comprehensive overview of the field of perception through authoritative essays written by leading researchers and theoreticians in psychology, the cognitive sciences, neuroscience, and medical disciplines. It presents two parallel and interacting approaches: the psychophysical, or determining the relationship between stimuli in the environment and perception, and the physiological, or locating the biological systems responsible for perception. Are there any processes not associated with perception? Surely there are, but the pervasiveness of perception is truly impressive, and the phenomena of perception and its mechanisms are what this encyclopedia is about.** **Key Features** * Contains 16 pages of color illustration and photography to accompany the entries * Offers a varied and broad list of topics, including basic research as well as methodologies, theoretical approaches, and real-world applications of perceptual research * Emphasizes human perception but includes ample research because of its importance in its own right and because of what this research tells us about human perception * Written by recognized... Leer más…

Rosemary Ellen Guiley; Foreword By Troy Taylor

«Энциклопедия духов и привидений» включает более 600 интересных статей о привидениях, призраках, паранормальных явлениях и людях их исследующих. Эксперт в паранормальных явлениях Розмари Эллен Гили приводит самые современные теории о том, что вызывает призраков. Leer más…

Stephen Garton

This book surveys the ways sex and sexuality have been made the subjects of history. It critically analyses some of the key histories of the last forty years; from the early efforts of historians like Steven Marcus to work out a model for sexual history, through to the extraordinary impact of French philosopher Michel Foucault. It explores the vigorous debates about essentialism and social constructionism in the 1980s and early 1990s and the emergence of contemporary debates about historicism, queer theory, embodiment, gender and cultural history shaping the now vast and diverse historical scholarship on sex and sexuality. Histories of Sexuality also focuses on a number of key debates about the history of sex and sexuality in Britain, Europe and America. It explores such areas as pederasty and cultures of male passivity in ancient Greece and Rome, the impact of early Christianity and ideals of renunciation on the sexual cultures of late antiquity and the existence of homosexual cultures in Medieval and Renaissance Europe. It also examines some of the debates about the 'invention' of homosexuality and heterosexuality in eighteenth century Europe and America, shifting conceptions of the body and gender, and how cultures controlled sexuality and kept the birth rate steady until the industrial revolution. Histories of Sexuality explores the controversies about whether the 'Victorian era' was an age of sexual repression, how women challenged the sexual cultures of Victorian... Leer más…

Martin L. Lalumiere, Grant T. Harris, Vernon L. Quinsey, Marnie E. Rice

The Causes of Rape: Understanding Individual Differences in Male Propensity for Sexual Aggression examines why some men are prone to rape, offers probable causes for this inclination, and provides a comprehensive review of scientific studies of coercive sex. Leer más…

Miriam Kalman Harris, Editor

Publisher's Description: Rape, Incest, And Battery Change A Woman's Life Forever. Some Women Never Rise Above The Pain, The Rage, The Humiliation, While Others Seem To Transcend The Violence And Rebuild Their Lives. What Distinguishes Those Who Transcend The Violation? Courage--the Courage To Face Their Past And, Sometimes, To Put It Into Words. In 1989 Miriam Harris Was Serving As Project Coordinator For The Battered Woman's Emergency Intervention Project At Dallas's Parkland Hospital. As Part Of Her Duties, She Taught A Journal-writing Class At A Women's Shelter And Found That The Women She Helped To Express Their Pain, Rage, And Frustration Underwent A Catharsis Of The Soul, But, More Importantly, Understood The Heroic Enterprise Of Regaining Self-power. The Writing Cure, As She Calls It, Builds On The Talking Cure That Originated With Sigmund Freud's Famous Patient, Anna O.^ According To Harris, A Woman Discovers A New Identity By Becoming The Subject Who Writes Rather Than The Victim Who Waits In Silence. Knowing That The Problem Of Violence Against Women Is Universal In Our World, Harris Put Out A Call To Professional Writers, Women In Shelters, And Scholars In Academe. She Advertised In Literary Journals And Newsletters, Asking For Autobiographical Writings By Women Who Survived Any Kind Of Violence And Abuse. Rape, Incest, Battery Resulted From Her Long Process Of Collecting, Selecting, And Editing.^ Divided Into Seven Sections, This Anthology Is Arranged In The... Leer más…

Brownmiller, Susan

"The most comrpehensive study of rape ever offered to the public...It forces readers to take a fresh look at their own attitudes toward this devastating crime."NEWSWEEKAs powerful and timely now as when it was first published, AGAINST OUR WILL stands as a unique document of the history of politics, the sociology of rape and the inherent and ingrained inequality of men and women under the law. In lucid, persuasive prose, Brownmiller has created a definitive, devastating work of lasting social importance.Chosen by THE NEW YORK TIMES BOOK REVIEW as One of the Outstanding Books of the Year Leer más…

Randy Thornhill, Craig T. Palmer

In this sure-to-be-controversial book, Randy Thornhill and Craig Palmer use evolutionary biology to explain the causes of rape and to recommend new approaches to its prevention. According to Thornhill and Palmer, evolved adaptation of some sort gives rise to rape; the main evolutionary question is whether rape is an adaptation itself or a by-product of other adaptations. Regardless of the answer, Thornhill and Palmer note, rape circumvents a central feature of women's reproductive strategy: mate choice. This is a primary reason why rape is devastating to its victims, especially young women. Thornhill and Palmer address, and claim to demolish scientifically, many myths about rape bred by social science theory over the past twenty-five years. The popular contention that rapists are not motivated by sexual desire is, they argue, scientifically inaccurate. Although they argue that rape is biological, Thornhill and Palmer do not view it as inevitable. Their recommendations for rape prevention include teaching young males not to rape, punishing rape more severely, and studying the effectiveness of "chemical castration." They also recommend that young women consider the biological causes of rape when making decisions about dress, appearance, and social activities. Rape could cease to exist, they argue, only in a society knowledgeable about its evolutionary causes. The book includes a useful summary of evolutionary theory and a comparison of evolutionary biology's and... Leer más…

Smith, Tyler, Stoddard

**A Working History of Working Girls (and Guys)** Anything but judgmental, __Whore Stories__ sheds light on one of our more stigmatized icons: The Prostitute. Featuring the true stories of famous streetwalkers, call girls, rent boys, and go-go dancers, this book offers a revealing look at the men and women who have blazed the bawdy trail of prostitution since the dawn of time. While you may think that you know everything about this occupation, __Whore Stories__ includes plenty of details and even celebrities, such as Maya Angelou and Bob Dylan, that will leave you in awe. ## Review Smith's caustic wit and bawdy exuberance will keep readers amused. Loads of good, dirty fun." --Kirkus Indie Reviews " Tyler Stoddard Smith's stories have been featured in: __UTNE Reader__, __McSweeney's__, __Esquire__, __The Best American Fantasy__, __VICE__ and __The Morning News__, among others. He is also a regular contributor at __The Nervous Breakdown__ and an associate editor of the online humor site, __The Big Jewel__. ISBN : 9781440538537 Leer más…

Claire Hines, Darren Kerr

Even In Our Increasingly Sexualized Culture, Hard-core Pornography And The Representation Of Explicit Sex Is Still 'hard To Swallow'. This Lively And Provocative New Collection Of Essays By Leading Scholars Explores Screen Representations Of Pornography And Sex In A Variety Of Cultural, Historical, And Critical Contexts. Contributions Cover A Wide Range Of Topics From Sex In The Multiplex To Online Alt-porn, From Women In Stag Films To The Excesses Of Extreme Pornography, And A Variety Of Contemporary Case Studies Including Porn Performance, Fashion In Hard-core, And Gay And Lesbian Pornography.--page 4 Of Cover. Is Hard-core Hard To Swallow? / Claire Hines And Darren Kerr -- Part I Turned On : Hard-core Screen Cultures -- Pornography In The Multiplex / Brian Mcnair -- The Dark Side Of Hard-core : Critical Documentaries On The Sex Industry / Karen Boyle -- Art School Sluts : Authenticity And The Aesthetics Of Altporn / Feona Attwood -- Pornogogy : Teaching The Titillating / Mark Jones And Gerry Carlin -- Part Ii Come Again? Hard-core In History -- White Slavery, Or The Ethnography Of Sexworkers : Women In Stag Films At The Kinsey Archive / Linda Williams -- Lost In Damnation : The Progressive Potential Of Behind The Green Door / Darren Kerr -- The Limits Of Pleasure? Max Hardcore And Extreme Porn / Stephen Maddison -- Playmates Of The Caribbean : Taking Hollywood, Making Hard-core / Claire Hine -- Part Iii Fluid Exchanges : Hard-core Forms And Aesthetics -- Fashionably... Leer más…

Roudinesco, Elisabeth

Where Does Perversion Begin? Who Is Perverse? Ever Since The Word First Appeared In The Middle Ages, Anyone Who Delights In Evil And In The Destruction Of The Self Or Others Has Been Described As 'perverse'. But While The Experience Of Perversion Is Universal, Every Era Has Seen It And Dealt With It In Its Own Way. The History Of Perversion In The West Is Told Here Through A Study Of Great Emblematic Figures Of The Perverse - Gilles De Rais, The Mystical Saints And The Flagellants In The Middle Ages, The Marquis De Sade In The Eighteenth Century, The Masturbating Child, The Male Homosexual And The Hysterical Woman Nineteenth Century, Nazism In The Twentieth Century, And The Complementary Figures Of The Paedophile And The Terrorist In The Twenty-first. The Perverse Are Rarely Talked About And When They Are It Is Usually Only To Be Condemned. They Are Commonly Viewed As Monstrous And Cruel, As Something Alien To The Very Nature Of Being Human. And Yet, Perversion Can Also Attest To Creativity And Self-transcendence, To The Refusal Of Individuals To Submit To The Rules And Prohibitions That Govern Human Life. Perversion Fascinates Us Precisely Because It Can Be Both Abject And Sublime. Whether They Are Sublime Because They Turn To Art Or Mysticism, Or Abject Because They Surrender To Their Murderous Impulses, The Perverse Are Part Of Us Because They Exhibit Something That We Always Conceal: Our Own Negativity And Our Dark Side. -- Back Cover. The Sublime And The Abject --... Leer más…

Merril D. Smith (Ed.)

Boobs. Tits. Hooters. Knockers. Jugs. Breasts. We celebrate them; we revile them. They nourish us; they kill us. And regardless of what we call them, breasts have fascinated us since prehistoric times. This A-to-Z encyclopedia explores the historical magnitude and cultural significance of the breast over time and around the world. A team of international scholars from various disciplines provides key insights and information about the breast in art, history, fashion, social movements, medicine, sexuality, and more. Entries discuss depictions of breasts on ancient figurines, in Renaissance paintings, and in present-day advertisements. They examine how fashion has emphasized or de-emphasized the breast at various times. They tackle medical issues—such as breast augmentation and breast cancer—and controversies over breastfeeding. The breast as sexual object and even a site of smuggling are also covered. As a whole, the Cultural Encyclopedia of the Breast takes an engaging and accessible look at this notable body part. Leer más…